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State enterprise
Jírová, Karolína ; Horáček, Vít (advisor) ; Štenglová, Ivanka (referee)
(Summary) The presented paper focuses on adjusting a state enterprise (state - owned enterprise) as a receding form of public enterprise. It sets upon itself a task of clarification, whether this legal form, which has been dominant in the past, is henceforth suitable for use in the present body of laws. Professional literature was studied to acquire relevant knowledge, legal provisions, judicial decisions, and other documents. State enterprise is a specific legal entity conducting business with national property, which has a unique public function and is supposed to generate net operating income. Its institutor can only be a state, that has a similar status as a sole partner of a business entity. Unlike other legal entities engaging in business, the state enterprise doesn't have a legal capacity to acquire assets for itself, but does acquire assets for the state. It is not liable for state obligations and state is not liable for obligations of the enterprise at the same time. This structure causes problems, because it is not consistent with a current legal rule. The paper examines general characteristics of state enterprise, historical development, effective legal enactment, property status of state enterprise, definition of sphere of authority between a founder and business bodies, and business...
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The Role of State Ownership in Commercial Banks: Experience of CEE Transition Countries
Wu, Jiao ; Mejstřík, Michal (advisor) ; Mickiewicz, Tomasz (referee)
Central and Eastern Europe(CEE) is the region where the ownership of banks has been through the most fundamental and massive changes during the past two decades. This paper analyses the role of state-ownership in commercial banks, whether and why state ownership imposes negative effects on commercial banks in CEE transition countries, through both theoretical arguments and empirical testings. The thesis summarizes previous literature and analyses the role of banking ownership and performance, particularly though a dynamic view of the banking privatisation process. It investigates the reasons why state-owned banks are harmful in CEE countries from a corporate governance point of view. Followed by empirical tests on this topic, including banking production efficiency measurement using Stochastic Frontier Analysis and second-stage regression analysis about the effects of ownership on banking efficiency and asset quality. This paper finds out that the state ownership of banks imposes negative effects on bank performance and hinders successful privatisation of enterprises. Banking production efficiency has been improving greatly in late 1990s and stayed at a constant high level in 2000s. Through panel data regressions, we find the negative effects of state-ownership on banking production efficiency and asset...
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Analysis of the impact of ownership on effective operation of heating plants in the Czech Republic
Fajfr, Tomáš ; Macháč, Jan (advisor) ; Zajíček, Miroslav (referee)
Privatization transformation took place in the Czech Republic at the beginning of the nineties which also highly influenced heating plant industry. Some heating plant companies are in private ownership and some remained or were returned back into ownership of towns and villages. The main hypothesis of the bachelor thesis is that heating plant companies are more effective and are reaching better economic results than companies owned by towns and villages. This hypothesis is confirmed with the aid of statistic method of linear regression. Private heating plant companies have in average higher sales on employee, higher return on equity, higher return on sales and also higher share of investments on total revenue. Minor hypothesis saying that towns heating plant will sell heat energy cheaper was disproved.
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Institutional framework of health insurance in the Czech Republic (case study: VZP and OZP performance)
Rypáčková, Lucie ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This paper examines the impact of an institutional framework on the performance of Všeobecná zdravotní pojišťovna (VZP) and Oborová zdravotní pojišťovna zaměstnanců bank, pojišťoven a stavebnictví (OZP). The differences in the institutional status of VZP and OZP are the result of the dual legislation of health insurance companies in the Czech Republic. It was found that institutional status of VZP is more like a state-owned institution in comparison with OZP. Theories dealing with the differences between state and private ownership assume lower efficiency of state-owned companies than private companies. In accordance with the theoretical assumptions is given the hypothesis that the institutional framework of VZP reinforces a tendency to inefficiency. The hypothesis is verified using data from the annual reports of VZP a OZP and using selected indicators (for example: operating costs, labor productivity). It has been proven that the institutional framework of VZP reinforces the tendency for wasteful spending of resources.
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Changes in ownership structure and strategic decision-making of oil companies in terms of state interventions on the oil market
Pytelová, Zuzana ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Staš, Martin (referee)
Topic of this master thesis is the characterization of the relationship between private oil companies and the state. Ambition is to render this co-existence based on historical case studies and practical examples. Case studies show a transparent variety of state approaches and relations with private oil companies. Practical examples are characterized by three major oil states and demonstrate their efforts to prioritize "national champions" and to maximize their income from oil. Based on results of this work, it is clear that private companies and the state in most cases need each other, altough their relations are often tense. There are also a far-reaching legislative changes that are making actions of private oil companies more difficult.
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Process of privatisation in the Czech republic
Maňák, Simon ; Nečadová, Marta (advisor) ; Breňová, Lubomíra (referee)
The topic of the bachelor thesis is the process of privatisation in the Czech republic that took place in years 1991-2005. Firstly, the work describes a period before November 1989, secondly it presents hypotheses and approaches to the process of privatisation together with the following analysis of individual parts of the process of privatisation, specifically the restitution and small and large privatisations. It analyses the coupon privatisation and investment funds in privatisation in detail. The role and the contribution of the funds during privatisation were not entirely clear. The aim of the thesis is to answer the question why privatisation influenced the restructuring of enterprises during the 90's.
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Forest management CZ
Kovačová, Pavla ; Munzi, Tomáš (advisor) ; Řežábek, Pavel (referee)
The text looks on the forest management of the Czech republic of the two basic thematic units -- forests and ownership. In consequence of their connection there is original theoretical reflection on specificities of public and private ownership of forest and also on their differencies. Integral part of this text is aplication into practical surrounding of forestry from economic, law and political points of view. The text shows some possibilities of ways of further development on the basis of the known government actions and provides a final assessment of this issue.
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Comparison of public and private forests
Jakl, Jakub ; Slavíková, Lenka (advisor) ; Vejchodská, Eliška (referee)
The work deals with conflict between public and private ownership of forests and solves the question, which of these concepts is more suitable in the area of forestry economy. This work takes into account various phenomenon, which are connected with this problematic. The work uses the method of historical comparison of time period before land reform in 1918, when the majority of forests were private and the presence, when the majority of forests is state owned. Next method, that work uses, is method of institutional analysis, which deals with influence of particular institutions and interactions among them.
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